Adapt to Changes in Thunderbird 103-115

This document tries to cover the internal changes that may be needed to make Experiment add-ons compatible with Thunderbird Supernova. If you find changes which are not yet listed on this page, you can ask for help and advice in one of our communication channels.
Rework of Thunderbird's main messenger window
Changed tab implementation
Each mail3PaneTab and mailMessageTab in Thunderbird's main messenger window is now loaded into its own browser element, instead of sharing and updating a single browser. 
A general and very helpful introduction to the new front end can be found in its official documentation.
The mail3PaneWindow (about:3pane) can now be accessed as follows:
1.window.gTabmail.currentAbout3Pane
2.window.gTabmail.currentTabInfo.chromeBrowser.contentWindow
3.window.gTabmail.tabInfo[0].chromeBrowser.contentWindow
4.window.gTabmail.tabInfo.find(
   t => t.mode.name == "mail3PaneTab"
).chromeBrowser.contentWindow
Options #1 & #2 will only work if the current active tab is a mail3PaneTab. Option #3 assumes the first tab is always a mail3PaneTab. 

The  mailMessageWindow (about:message) can be accessed similarly:
1.window.gTabmail.currentAboutMessage
2.window.gTabmail.currentTabInfo.chromeBrowser.contentWindow
3.mail3PaneWindow.messageBrowser.contentWindow
4.window.messageBrowser.contentWindow
Option #1 will only work if the current tab is a mail3PaneTab or a mailMessageTab. Option #2 will return the mailMessageWindow, if the current tab is a mailMessageTab (it will return the mail3PaneWindow, if the current tab is a mail3PaneTab). Option #3 will return the nested message browser of a mail3PaneTab through its mail3PaneWindow as defined in the previous section. Option #4 will return the message browser of a message window.
Moved global objects
Some of the global objects defined in Thunderbird's main messenger window have been moved into the mail3PaneWindow (about:3pane) and/or the mailMessageWindow (about:message). Some objects have been removed.
gDBView: Available in mail3PaneWindow and in mailMessageWindow.
gFolderDisplay: Removed. Find displayed folder via mail3PaneWindow.gFolder. 
gMessageDisplay: Removed. Find displayed message via mailMessageWindow.gMessage or mailMessageWindow.gMessageURI.
Useful functions, methods and objects which have been moved from elsewhere:
mail3PaneWindow.displayFolder(folderURI)
mail3PaneWindow.messagePane.displayMessage(messageURI)
mail3PaneWindow.messagePane.displayMessages(messageURIs)
mail3PaneWindow.messagePane.displayWebPage(url)
mail3PaneWindow.folderPane.*
mail3PaneWindow.folderTree.*
mail3PaneWindow.threadPane.*
mail3PaneWindow.threadTree.*
mailMessageWindow.currentHeaderData
mailMessageWindow.currentAttachments
This topicbox post holds instructions on how to find other moved objects and functions.
Using WebExtension APIs
It is recommended to leverage WebExtension APIs as much a possible. Instead of adjusting to core changes, the following WebExtension APIs can be helpful:
Use the browserAction API to add buttons to Thunderbird's unified toolbar
Use the menus API to add entries to Thunderbird's context menu (for example in the folder pane or in the thread pane)
Use the commands API to register keyboard shortcuts. Additional benefit: all WebExtension shortcuts can be adjusted by the user in the Add-on Manager according to their needs.
Use the mailTabs API to interact with the mail tab.
Using shared Experiments
There may already be a shared Experiment, which could help with add-on updates (or which could give helpful hints):
​LegacyCSS API: Inject into about:3pane or about:message, to style the folderpane (see Hide Local Folders Add-on), the threadpane or the message display area.
​WindowListener API: Inject into about:3pane or about:message, to manipulate the folderpane (see Phoenity Icons Add-On), the threadpane or the message display area.
​UnifiedFolders API: Interact with the "smart" folder display mode.
More interesting Experiments are available at the addon-developer-support repository and on DTN.
Unified Toolbar
The mail toolbar has been replaced by the unified toolbar. Adding your own buttons will become difficult, because the unified toolbar tends to remove unknown objects. Instead, use the browserAction API to add buttons.
XUL Tree replacement
The folderTree and threadTree in about:3pane (the mail3PaneTab) no longer use the deprecated XUL tree elements, but have been replaced by HTML lists and HTML tables.
XUL flexbox changes
Mozilla continued to remove XUL in favour of standard HTML5/CSS. The most relevant changes are related to the XUL flexbox. A very helpful read is this blogpost from the responsible developer.
Known attributes which have to be replaced:
height: replace with CSS height property​
width: replace with CSS width property​
flex: replace with CSS flex (a very helpful tutorial is available at css-tricks.com)
Important: If add-ons still create old-fashioned XUL dialogues and load *.xhtml files, it is not recommended to invest time into fixing them. It is more efficient to re-create them as pure *.html files. They can be opened using the tabs API or the windows API.
Removed JSM files
Services.jsm
Removed in Thunderbird 103. The service object is now globally available in API implementation scripts. If needed in self-created JSMs, it can be accessed as follows:
const Services = globalThis.Services;
For a backward compatible solution, use
const Services = globalThis.Services || ChromeUtils.import("resource://gre/modules/Services.jsm").Services;
osfile.jsm
Removed in Thunderbird 115. Can be replaced as follows:
OS.Constants.Sys.Name -> Services.appinfo.OS
OS.Constants.Path.profileDir -> PathUtils.profileDir
OS.Constants.Path.tmpDir-> PathUtils.tempDir
OS.File.* -> IOUtils.* 
OS.Path.* -> PathUtils.*​
Changed API
calITimezoneService.timezoneIds
In Thunderbird 106, this has been changed from an enumerator to a simple array.
callTimezoneService.aliasIds
Removed in Thunderbird 106.
nsIMsgDatabase.ContainsKey()
Renamed in Thunderbird 108 to containsKey(). Example msgHdr.folder.msgDatabase.containsKey().
Process Restrictions
Content processes, such as the extension process executing "child" experiment code, are subject to additional restrictions compared to Thunderbird 102. Known limitations include:
Raw TCP socket operations never complete, even if timeouts are set up. It is likely that other networking primitives are affected in a similar way.
In consequence, you might need to move some functionality from "child" experiment code to the "parent" context. One way to achieve this is to implement the necessary functionality as a regular asynchronous API method in the "parent" experiment (without extending the API schema), then using await context.childManager.callParentAsyncFunction("your_api_name.some_function", [arguments, passed, to, some_function]) to call it from the child experiment. Note that function arguments passed in between processes are subject to the structured clone algorithm.
Last modified 2mo ago